Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the correct answer to each of the questions.
There are a number of natural disasters that can strike across the globe. Two that are frequently
linked to one another are earthquakes and tsunamis. Both of them can cause a great amount of
devastation when they hit. However, tsunamis are the direct result of earthquakes and cannot
happen without them.
The Earth has three main parts. They are the crust, the mantle, and the core. The crust is the
outer layer of the Earth. It is not a single piece of land. Instead, it is comprised of a number of
plates. There are a few enormous plates and many smaller ones. These plates essentially rest
upon the mantle, which is fluid. As a result, the plates are in constant - yet slow - motion. The
plates may move away from or towards other plates. In some cases, they collide violently with
the plates adjoining them. The movement of the plates causes tension in the rock. Over a long
time, this tension may build up. When it is released, an earthquake happens.
Tens of thousands of earthquakes happen every year. The vast majority are so small that only
scientific instruments can perceive them. Others are powerful enough that people can feel them,
yet they cause little harm or damage. More powerful earthquakes, however, can cause buildings,
bridges, and other structures to collapse. They may additionally injure and skill thousands of
people and might even cause the land to change it appearance.
Since most of the Earth's surface is water, numerous earthquakes happen beneath the planet's
oceans. Underwater earthquakes cause the seafloor to move. This results in the displacement of
water in the ocean. When this occurs, a tsunami may form. This is a wave that forms on the
surface and moves in all directions from the place where the earthquake happened. A tsunami
moves extremely quickly and can travel thousands of kilometres. As it approaches land, the
water near the coast gets sucked out to sea. This causes the tsunamis to increase in height.
Minutes later, the tsunami arrives. A large tsunami - one more than ten meters in height - can
travel far inland. As it does that, it can flood the land, destroy human settlements, and kill large
numbers of people.
Câu 1. Which of the following statements does paragraph 1 support?
A. Earthquakes cause more destruction than tsunamis.
B. A tsunami happens in tandem with an earthquake.
C. The most severe type of natural disaster is an earthquake.
D. Earthquakes frequently take place after tsunamis do.
Câu 2. The word "it" in bold in paragraph 2 refers to
.
A. the Earth
B. the core
C. the crust
D. the mantle
Câu 3. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How earthquakes and tsunamis occur.
B. What kind of damage natural disasters can cause.
C. Why tsunamis are deadlier than earthquakes.
D. When earthquakes are the most likely to happen.
Câu 4. The word "adjoining" in bold in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
.
A. bordering
B. residing
C. approaching
D. appearing
Câu 5. The word "perceive" in bold in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to
.
A. comprehend
B. detect
C. prevent
D. locate