Comparison
Regular forms
Adjectives
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
1. Of one syllable, add-(e)r/-(e)st
to form their comparative &
superlative forms.
small
hot
safe
smaller (than)
hotter (than)
safer (than)
the smallest (of/in)
the hottest (of/in)
the safest (of/in)
2. Of two syllables ending in
-ly, -y, -w, also add -er/-est.
friendly
busy
shallow
friendlier (than)
busier (than)
shallower (than)
the friendliest (of/in)
the busiest (of/in)
the shallowest (of/in)
3. Of two or more syllables,
take more/most.
serious
amazing
more serious (than)
more amazing (than)
the most serious (of/in)
the most amazing (of/in)
Usage
1.
We use the comparative to compare one person/ thing with another.
e.g.
Mary is prettier than Ann.
This car is more expensive than the others.
2.
We use the superlative to compare one person/ thing with more than one of the same group.
e.g.
He is the fastest runner of all.
She is the most intelligent child in the family.
3.
We often use than after a comparative. We normally use the before a superlative. We often
use of or in after a superlative. We use in with places.
e.g.
She is shorter than you.
This problem is more complicated than that one.
I am the smartest of all.
This room is the most comfortable one in the hotel.
4.
Certain adjectives form their comparative and superlative in both ways, either by adding -er/-
est to the adjectives or by taking more/most. Some of these are: clever, common, cruel,
friendly, gentle, narrow, pleasant, polite, shallow, simple, stupid, quiet.
e.g.
simple - simpler - the simplest ALSO
simple - more simple - the most simple
Regular forms
Adverbs
Adverb
Comparative
Superlative
1. Adverbs having the same forms as
their adjectives add -er/-est.
long
fast
early
longer (than)
faster (than)
earlier (than)
(the) longest
(the) fastest
(the) earliest
2. Two syllables or compound adverbs
(adjectives+-ly, e.g. careful-carefully)
take more/most.
often
slowly
quickly
more often (than)
more slowly (than)
more quickly (than)
(the) most often
(the) most slowly
(the) most quickly
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