REPORTED SPEECH ( CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT )
I/ Normal / Usual sentences :
- How to do : Đọc đề từ trái sang phải, gặp V à lùi thì V , gặp ngôi à phải chuyển ngôi . ( dùng Said / Said that nếu có 1 người , nếu có 2 người à Told / Said to ) vd : My mom said ……../ My mom said to me ……= My mom told me…….
- Example : “ Tom is my little brother ” said Jay .
- Jay said that Tom was his little brother .
“ I don’t want to eat anything right now ” said the boy to his mom .
- The boy said to/told his mom that he didn’t want to eat anything right then .
II/ Commands , Requests :
- How to do : Told + someone + to / not to do something . ( đa số dùng với chữ Told / Asked )
- Example : “ Close the door for me , please ! ” my teacher told me .
- My teacher told me to close the door .
“ Don’t forget to do your homework for tomorrow ” my dad said to me .
- My dad told me not to forget to do my homework for the day after .
III/ WH – questions :
- Signals ( dấu hiệu nhận biết ) : Các câu hỏi bắt đầu bằng cụm WH – hoặc H – ( ex : what , where , when , why , how , how many , what time , how often , what day ….)
- How to do : Ghi lại cụm từ hỏi ( thường đứng trước V ) , sau đó ghi S trước rồi tiếp theo là động từ .
- Dùng Asked / Wanted to know / Wondered . ( dùng Asked phải có 2 người )
- Đứng sau cụm từ hỏi thì vẫn là đầu câu (Vẫn dùng S )
- Example : “ What time do you go to school ? ” my aunt asked me .
- My aunt asked me what time I went to school .
“ How much rice does your grandfather eat one day ? ” the nurse asked me .
- The nurse asked me how much rice my grandfather ate one day.
IV/ Yes / No questions :
- Signals ( dấu hiệu ) : thường có các chữ như : Do , Does , Did , Am , Is , Are, Will , Can , Should … v..v đứng đầu câu ,
- How to do it : thêm chữ IF hoặc Whether vào trước , sau đó là S và tiếp theo là V .
- Đa số dùng chữ Asked / Wanted to know / Wondered .
- If và Whether đều mang chung nghĩa ( Liệu rằng ) .
- Example : “ Do you have a good mark on English ? ” Ken’s friends asked him.
- Ken’s friends asked him if/whether he had a good mark on E .
“ Are you a new student in my class ? ” The teacher asked Mary.
- The teacher asked Mary if/whether she was a new student in her class .
V/ Some important notes :
- Dùng Told thì phải có người thứ 2 . ( ex : My Mom told me , Garvin told her )
- Dùng Said cho 1 người , nếu có thêm 1 người nữa thì Said to + người đó. ( ex : she said to me …. , Jane said to John …. )