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CHUYÊN ĐỀ 1: CÁC THÌ (TENSES)
I. THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN SIMPLE PRESENT
VỚI ĐỘNG TỪ THƯỜNG
Khẳng định: S + Vs/es + O
Phủ định: S + DO/DOES + NOT + V0 + O
Nghi vấn: DO/DOES + S + V+ O ?
VỚI ĐỘNG TỪ TOBE
Khẳng định: S + AM/IS/ARE + O
Phủ định: S + AM/IS/ARE + NOT + O Nghi vấn: AM/IS/ARE + S + O
Từ nhận biết: always, every, usually, often, generally, frequently, every day, every month,…..
II. THÌ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN - PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Công thức
Khẳng định: S + be (am/ is/ are) + V_ing + Phủ định: S + BE + NOT + V_ing + O
Nghi vấn: BE + S + V_ing + O
Từ nhận biết: Now, right now, at present, at the moment
Lưu ý: Không dùng thì này với các động từ chỉ nhận thức chi giác như: to be, see, hear, understand, know,
like, want, glance, feel, think, smell, love. hate, realize, seem, remember, forget,..........
III. THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH - PRESENT PERFECT
Khẳng định: S + have/ has + Past participle (V3) + O
Phủ định: S + have/ has + NOT + Past participle + O
Nghi vấn: have/ has + S + Past participle + O
Từ nhận biết: already, not... yet, just, ever, never, since, for, recently, before...
Since + mốc thời gian
For + khoảng thời gian
IV. THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN - PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Khẳng định: S has/have + been + V_ing + O
Phủ định: S + Hasn't/ Haven't + been+ V-ing + O
Nghi vấn: Has/Have + S+ been + V-ing + O?
Từ nhận biết: all day, all week, since, for, for a long time, almost every day this week, recently, lately, in the
past week, in recent years, up until now, and so far.
V. THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN - SIMPLE PAST
VỚI ĐỘNG TỪ THƯỜNG
Khẳng định: S + V_ed + O
Phủ định: S + DID+ NOT + V + O
Nghi vấn: DID + S+ V+ O ?
VỚI TOBE
Khẳng định: S + WAS/WERE + O
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Phủ định: S+ WAS/ WERE + NOT + O
Nghi vấn: WAS/WERE + S+ O ?
Từ nhận biết: yesterday, yesterday morning, last week, last month, last year, last night.
VI. THÌ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN - PAST CONTINUOUS
Khẳng định: S + was/were + V_ing + O
Phủ định: S + wasn't/weren't + V-ing + O
Nghi vấn: Was/Were + S+ V-ing + O?
Từ nhận biết: While, at that very moment, at 10:00 last night, and this morning (afternoon).
VII. THÌ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH - PAST PERFECT
Khẳng định: S + had + Past Participle (V3) + O
Phủ định: S + hadn't + Past Participle + O
Nghi vấn: Had + S + Past Participle + O?
Từ nhận biết: after, before, as soon as, by the time, when, already, just, since, for....
VIII. THÌ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN - PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Khẳng định: S + had + been + V_ing + O
Phủ định: S + hadn't + been+ V-ing + O
Nghi vấn: Had + S + been + V-ing + O?
Từ nhận biết: until then, by the time, prior to that time, before, after,…
IX. THÌ TƯƠNG LAI - SIMPLE FUTURE
Khẳng định: S + shall/will + V0 + O
Phủ định: S + shall/will + NOT+ V0 + O
Nghi vấn: shall/will + S + V(infinitive) + O?
Cách dùng thì tương lai:
Khi đoán (predict, guess), dùng will hoặc be going to.
Khi chỉ dự định trước, dùng be going to không được dùng will.
X. THÌ TƯƠNG LAI TIẾP DIỄN - FUTURE CONTINUOUS
Khẳng định: S + shall/will + be + V_ing+ O
Phủ định: S + shall/will + NOT+ be + V_ing+ O
Nghi vấn: shall/will +S+ be + V_ing+ O
Từ nhận biết: in the future, next year, next week, next time, and soon.
XI. THÌ TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH - FUTURE PERFECT
Khẳng định: S + shall/will + have + V3/ed
Phủ định: S + shall/will + NOT+ be + V_ing + O
Nghi vấn: shall/will + NOT+ be + V_ing+ O?
Từ nhận biết: by the time and prior to the time (có nghĩa là before)
XII. THÌ TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN - FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Khẳng định: S + shall/will + have been + V_ing + O
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Phủ định: S + shall/will + NOT+ have been + V_ing + O
Nghi vấn: shall/will + S+ have been + V_ing + O?
PHẦN II: BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG
I.
Choose the best answer among A, B, C, or D.
1.
When I last saw him, he_____in London.
A.
has lived
B. is living
C. was living
D. has been living
2.
We_______ Dorothy since last Saturday.
A.
don‘t see
B. haven‘t seen
C. didn‘t see
D. hadn‘t seen
3.
The train______
half an hour ago.
A.
has been leaving
B. left
C. has left
D. had left
4.
Jack______ the door.
A.
has just painted
B. paint
C. will have painted D. painting
5.
My sister _______ for you since yesterday.
A.
is looking
B. was looking
C. has been looking
D. looked
6.
I______ Texas State University now.
A.
am attending
B. attend
C. was attending
D. attended
7.
He has been selling motorbikes ______
.
A.
ten years ago
B. since ten years
C. for ten years ago
D. for ten years
8.
Christopher Columbus_______American more than 500 years ago.
A.
discovered
B. has discovered
C. had discovered
D. had been discovering
9.
He fell down when he______
towards the church.
A.
run
B. runs
C. was running
D. had run
10.
We_______ there when our father died.
A.
still lived
B. lived still
C. was still lived
D. were still living
11.
They______ table tennis when their father comes back home.
A.
will play
B. will be playing
C. play
D. would play
12.
By Christmas, I_______ for Mr. Smith for six years.
A.
shall have been working
B. shall work
C. have been working D. shall be working
13.
I_______ in the room right now.
A.
am being
B. was being
C. have been being
D. am
14.
I______ to New York three times this year.
A.
have been
B. was
C. were
D. had been
15.
I‘ll come and see you before I
____
for the States.
A.
leave
B. will leave
C. have left
D. shall leave
16.
The little girl asked what_______to her friend.
A.
has happened
B. happened
C. had happened
D. would have been happened
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17.
John______ a book when I saw him.
A.
is reading
B. read
C. was reading
D. reading
18.
He said he
____
return later.
A.
will
B. would
C. can
D. would be
19.
I have been waiting for you______.
A.
since early morning
B. since 9a. m
C. for two hours
D. All are correct
20.
Almost everyone_______ for home by the time we arrived.
A.
leave
B. left
C. leaves
D. had left
21.
By the age of 25, he______ two famous novels.
A.
wrote
B. writes
C. has written
D. had written
22.
While her husband was in the army, Mary_____ to him twice a week.
A.
was reading
B. wrote
C. was written
D. had written
23.
I couldn‘t cut the grass because the lawn mower_____ a few days previously.
A.
broke down
B. has been broken
C. had broken down D. breaks down
24.
I have never played badminton before. This is the first time I___ to play.
A.
try
B. tried
C. have tried
D. am trying
25.
Since_______ , I have heard nothing from him.
A.
he had left
B. he left
C. he has left
D. he was left
26.
After I_______ lunch, I looked for my bag.
A.
had
B. had had
C. have has
D. have had
27.
By the end of next year, George______ English for two years.
A.
will have learned
B. will learn
C. has learned
D. would learn
28.
The man got out of the car,
_____
round to the back and opened the book.
A.
walking
B. walked
C. walks
D. walk
30.
He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he_____ dinner.
A..
finish
B. finishes
C. will finish
D. finishing
31 Ask her to come and see me when she________ her work.
A. finish
B. has finished
C. finished
D. finishing
32.
Tom and Mary______
for Vietnam tomorrow.
A.
leave
B. are leaving
C. leaving
D. are left
33.
He always
_____
for a walk in the evening.
A.
go
B. is going
C. goes
D. going
34.
Her brother______ in Canada at present.
A.
working
B. works
C. is working
D. work
35.
Last week, my professor promised that he_______ today.
A.
would come
B. will come
C. comes
D. coming
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II.
Choose the underlined part in each sentence (A, B,C, or D) that needs correcting.
1.
After Mrs. Wang had returned to her house from work, she was cooking dinner.
2.
Jimmy threw the ball high in the air, and Betty catching it when it came down
3.
Linda has worn her new yellow dress only once since she buys it.
4.
Last week Mark told me that he got very bored with his present job and is looking for a
new one.
5.
Having fed the dog, he was sat down to his own meal.
6.
When I turned on my computer, I was shocked to find some junk mail, and I just delete it all.
7.
They are going to have to leave soon and so do we.
8.
The boss laughed when the secretary has told him that she really needed a pay rise.
9.
The telephone rang several times and then stop before I could answer it.
10.
Debbie, whose father is an excellent tennis player, has been playing tennis since ten years.
11.
I have seen lots of interesting places when I went on holiday last summer..
12.
When my cat heard a noise in the bushes, she stopped moving and listen intently.
13.
I think it‘s time you must change your way of living.
14.
Roger felt the outside of his pocket to make sure his wallet is still there.
15.
When I‘m shopping in the supermarket, I ran into an old friend who I hadn’t met for five
years.
16.
The police arrested the man while he is having dinner in a restaurant.
17.
Peter and Wendy first met in 2006, and they are married for three years now.
18.
Some people are believing there is life on other planets.
19.
Recently,
the island of Hawaii had been the subject
of intensive research on the occurrence
of earthquakes.
20.
Every morning, the sun shines in my bedroom window and waking me up.
21.
We‘ll be cycled to Hoa‘s village at this time next
Sunday.
22.
What will you do when your friends won‘t come ?
23.
My friend didn’t drink any beer since we came to live here.
24.
We have written to each other when we were in primary school.
25.
Will we go to the pop concert this weekend for a change?
III.. Choose the correct sentence among A, B, C or D which has the same meaning as the given one.
1.
As soon as he waved his hand, she turned away.
A.
He saw her turn away and he waved his hand.
B.
No sooner had he waved his hand than she turned away.
C.
She turned away because he waved his hand too early.
D.
Although she turned away, he waved his hand.
2.
My father hasn’t smoked cigarettes for a month.
A.
It‘s a month since my father last smoked cigarettes.
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B.
It‘s a month ago that my father smoked cigarettes.
C.
It‘s a month that my father hasn’t smoked cigarettes.
D.
It‘s a cigarette that my father smoked a month ago.
3.
Having finished their work, the workers expected to be paid.
A.
The workers expected to be paid because they had finished their work.
B.
Having their work finished, the workers expected to be paid.
C.
Having expected to be paid, the workers finished their work.
D.
Having been finished their work, the workers expected to be paid.
3.
Mr. Brown bought this car five years ago.
A.
Mr. Brown started to buy this car five years ago.
B.
It has been five years when Mr. Brown bought this car
C.
Mr. Brown has had this car for five years.
D.
It is five years ago since Mr. Brown bought this car.
4.
I haven‘t enjoyed myself so much for years.
A.
It‘s years since I enjoyed myself so much.
B.
It‘s years since I have enjoyed myself so much.
C.
It was years since I had enjoyed myself so much.
D.
It has been years since I have enjoyed myself so much.
5.
This is my tenth year working in this bank.
A.
By the end of this year, I will work in this bank for ten years.
B.
I have worked in this bank for ten years by the end of this year.
C.
By the end of this year, I will have worked in this bank for ten years.
D.
I had been working in this bank for ten years by the end of this year.
6.
The famous actor was last seen in 2000.
A.
The famous actor has not been able to see since 2000.
B.
No one has seen the famous actor since 2000.
C.
The famous actor didn’t see anyone in 2000.
D.
No one saw the famous actor until 2000.
7.
I came to live here three months ago.
A.
It was three months since I lived here.
B.
I‘ve been living here for three months.
C.
I lived here for three months.
D.
I didn’t live here for three months
8.
She goes to the shops every Friday.
A.
She goes every day to the shop but not on Friday.
B.
It‘s not Friday, but she‘s going to the shops.
C.
She always goes to the shops on Friday.
D.
She never goes to the shops on Friday.