Unit 6: GENDER EQUALITY
B. VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
IV. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.
A pioneer leader for women’s rights, Susan Anthony became one of the leading women reformers of the 19th century. In Rochester, New York, she began her first public crusade on behalf of temperance, the habit of not drinking alcohol. The temperance movement dealt with the abuses of women and children who suffered from alcoholic husbands. Also, she worked tirelessly against slavery and for women’s rights. Anthony helped write the history of woman suffrage.
At the time Anthony lived, women did not have the right to vote. Because she voted in the 1872 election, a US official arrested Anthony. She hoped to prove that women had the legal right to vote under the provisions of the 14th and 15th Amendments to the Constitution. At her trial, a hostile federal judge found her guilty and fined her $100, which she refused to pay.
Anthony did not work alone. She worked with reformers of women’s rights such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Amelia Bloomer. Susan worked for the American Anti-Slavery Society with Frederick Douglas, a fugitive slave and black abolitionist.
On July 2nd 1979, the US Mint honored her by issuing the Susan Anthony dollar coin. Although Anthony did not live to see the fruits of her efforts, the establishment of the 19th Amendment is indebted to her efforts, according to US historians.
1. Anthony advocated all of the following EXCEPT .
A. slavery should be abolished
B. women are citizens and should have the right to vote
C. employers should provide childcare for female employees
D. alcohol should be prohibited because of the abuse it causes
2. The underlined word “crusade” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to .
A. a battle against authority
B. campaign to work tirelessly for one’s beliefs
C. a war against the enemies in the Middle Ages
D. an attempt to fight evil
3. What would historians say about Susan Anthony’s greatest achievement?
A. She was an activist and raised a family at the same time.
B. She worked with abolitionists to get the country rid of slavery.
C. Her tireless efforts to guarantee women the right to vote led to the establishment of the 19th Amendment to the Constitution.
D. Women had the legal right to vote under the provisions of the 14th and 15th Amendments to the Constitution.
4. In which of the following ways did the US Mint honor her life’s work?
A. The Susan Anthony stamp was issued.
B. The Susan Anthony dollar coin was issued.
C. The Susan Anthony Memorial Park was built in Rochester.
D. Susan Anthony dolls were created.
5. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Slavery was one of Susan Anthony’s causes.
B. Susan Anthony did not accept the use of alcohol.
C. Susan Anthony never gave up her struggle for all people’s freedom.
D. Reformers do not always see the results of their efforts.
TEST 1 (UNIT 6)
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. gender B. enrol C. preference D. secondary
2. A. aware B. family C. planet D. married
3. A. sue B. spend C. sure D. pursue
II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
4. A. maintain B. perform C. prefer D. offer
5. A. enrol B. happen C. pursue D. affect
II. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.
6. In Korea, many people still feel that women should be in charge of after getting married.
A. housekeeping B. homemaker C. house husband D.householder
7. The principle of equal pay is that men and women doing work should get paid the same amount.
A. same B. alike C. similar D. identical
8. In Yemen, women have less to property ownership, credit, training and employment.
A. possibility B. way C. use D. access
9. Women are more likely to be victims of violence.
A. domestic B. household C. home D. family
10. International Women’s Day is an occasion to make more towards achieving gender equality.
A. movement B. progress C. improvement D. development
11. Reducing gender improves productivity and economic growth of a nation.
A. equality B. inequality C. possibility D. rights
12. Women with high qualifications to managers.
A. must promote B.must be promoted C. must move D. must be moved
13. A common reason that someone more for similar work is because of his or her experience or “length of service”.
A. may be paid B.should not be paid C. can be paid D. must be paid
14. All forms of discrimination against all women and girls immediately everywhere.
A. must be taken away B. must be ended
C. must be allowed D. must be followed
15. True gender equality when both men and women reach a balance between work and family.
A. can achieve B. should be achieved C. can be achieved D. should achieve
IV. Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word from the box.
The state of California is working to say goodbye to the gender wage gap. Governor Jerry Brown has signed the Fair Pay Act, a new law that forces (16) who pay more to a man working the same (17) as a woman to prove that the pay is based on elements other than (18) . It is not just a gender problem - it is a (19) problem or a human problem.
Aileen Rizo, a math consultant at the Fresno County Office of Education, discovered that one of her male (20) earned $12,000 more per year than her, even though he had fewer years of (21) and education.
Over the course of a 40-year career, the average American woman will lose out on about $431,000 as the (22) of the wage gap, according to the Center for American Progress. And the pay gap starts early: If a woman earns less in her first job, when she takes on a new (23) and her new employer sets her (24) , it will often be based on her prior pay (25) .
Now the new law has closed the gaps for women.
V. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
An advocate for Kenyan women and environment
Wangari Maathai has become an international (26) because of her persistence in the struggle for democracy, human rights and environmental conservation. Maathai is best known for her efforts to develop the Green Belt Movement, an organization that focuses on planting trees to protect the environment and improve the (27) of life. Because of her efforts, Maathai was (28) the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004.
In 1976, Wangari Maathai became active in the National Council of Women of Kenya. While she was serving as the chairwoman in the National Council of Women, she began to found an organization that encouraged women’s groups to plant trees in order to conserve the environment. It was this small effort that has (29) women in planting more than 20 million trees on farms, schools, and churches. This effort eventually became known (30) the charitable organization (31) the Green Belt Movement.
Wangari Maathai has become very important to the people of Kenya, Africa and the international (32) . Because of her active role in the environment and the Green Belt Movement, more than 20 million trees have been planted, numerous other countries have begun tree planting programmes, and women all over the world have been helped by the example that she (33) . As noted by the Norwegian Nobel Committee, she has served as an “(34) for many in the fight for democratic rights and has especially encouraged women to (35) their situation.”
26. A. image B. key C. figure D. idol
27. A. quality B. quantity C. characteristic D. feature
28. A. given B. awarded C. rewarded D. gained
29. A. resulted B. offered C. provided D. assisted
30. A. as B. for C. in D. Ø
31. A. call B. calling C. called D. called as
32. A. community B. society C. association D. federation
33. A. fixes B. sets C. puts D. establishes
34. A. feeling B. emotion C. impression D. inspiration
35. A. take B. move C. better D. gain