48 BÀI TẬP ĐỌC HIỂU – PHẦN 3
CHUYÊN ĐỀ: BÀI TẬP ĐỌC HIỂU
MÔN: TIẾNG ANH LUYỆN THI THPT QG
Mục tiêu:
- Vận dụng được những kiến thức từ vựng đã học được trong suốt lớp 10 đến 12 để dịch được câu hỏi, các
đáp án và hiểu được nội dung cơ bản của bài đọc.
- Biết tìm từ khóa trong câu hỏi, các đáp án và trong bài đọc để tìm ra câu trả lời; vận dụng kỹ năng đọc
lướt và đọc lấy thông tin chi tiết.
Exercise 1. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Biological diversity has become widely recognized as a critical conservation issue only in the past two
decades. The rapid destruction of the tropical rain forests, which are the ecosystems with the highest
known species diversity on Earth, has awakened people to the importance and fragility of biological
diversity. The high rate of species extinctions in these environments is jolting, but it is important to
recognize the significance of biological diversity in all ecosystems. As the human population continues to
expand, it will negatively affect one after another of Earth‟s ecosystems. In terrestrial ecosystems and in
fringe marine ecosystems (such as wetlands), the most common problem is habitat destruction. In most
situations, the result is irreversible. Now humans are beginning to destroy marine ecosystems through
other types of activities, such as disposal and runoff of poisonous waste; in less than two centuries, by
significantly reducing the variety of species on Earth, they have irrevocably redirected the course of
evolution.
Certainly, there have been periods in Earth‟s history when mass extinctions have occurred. The extinction
of the dinosaurs was caused by some physical event, either climatic or cosmic. There have also been less
dramatic extinctions, as when natural competition between species reached an extreme conclusion. Only
0.01 percent of the species that have lived on Earth have survived to the present, and it was largely chance
that determined which species survived and which died out.
However, nothing has ever equaled the magnitude and speed with which the human species is altering the
physical and chemical world and demolishing the environment. In fact, there is wide agreement that it is
the rate of change humans are inflicting, even more than the changes themselves, that will lead to
biological devastation. Life on Earth has continually been in flux as slow physical and chemical changes
have occurred on Earth, but life needs time to adapt-time for migration and genetic adaptation within
existing species and time for the proliferation of new genetic material and new species that may be able to
survive in new environments.
Question 1: What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The cause of the extinction of the dinosaurs
B. The variety of species found in tropical rain forests
C. The time required for species to adapt to new environments
D. The impact of human activities on Earth‟s ecosystems
Question 2: The word “critical” is closest in meaning to
A. complicated
B. interesting
C. negative
D. essential
Question 3: The author mentions the extinction of the dinosaurs in the 2nd paragraph to emphasize that
A. the cause of the dinosaurs‟ extinction is unknown
1