CHUYÊN ĐỀ 12

TRẬT TỰ CỦA TÍNH TỪ - THE ORDERS OF THE ADJECTIVES

1. Quy tắc

Khi dùng từ hai tính từ trở lên để miêu tả cho một danh từ, nếu các tính từ cùng loại thì ta phân cách chúng bằng dấu phẩy, còn nếu khác loại thì ta xếp chúng cạnh nhau.

Trật tự các tính từ được quy định theo thứ tự sau:

OSASCOMP

Opinion - Size - Age - Shape - Color - Origin - Material - Purpose

Trong đó:

1. Từ nhận xét (Opinion): Useful (hữu ích), beautiful (đẹp), interesting (thú vị), lovely (đáng yêu), delicious (ngon miệng), handsome (đẹp trai), glorious (lộng lẫy), luxurious (sang trọng)
2. Kích cỡ (Size): big (to), small (nhỏ), large (lớn), huge (khổng lồ), tiny (bé xíu), long (dài), short (ngắn),

tall (cao)...

1. Tuổi thọ (Age):old (già, cũ), young (trẻ), new (mới), brand-new (mới toanh), ancient (cổ đại), modern

(hiện đại),...

1. Hình dáng (Shape): round (tròn), triangle (tam giác), cubic (hình hộp), heart-shaped (hình trái tim), flat

(bằng phẳng), square (hình vuông)...

1. Màu sắc (Color): black (đen), red (đỏ), white (trắng), blue (xanh), yellow (vàng), cream (màu kem), violet (tím), purple (đỏ tía), navy blue (xanh hải quân), magenta (hồng thẫm), brick red (đỏ gạch), emerald (xanh ngọc), jet black (đen nhánh),...
2. Nguồn gốc (Origin): Vietnamese, English, Indian, Thai, German, American,...
3. Chất liệu (Material): Silk (lụa), gold (vàng), silver (bạc), wooden (gỗ), metal (kim loại), plastic (nhựa),

leather (da), glass (thuỷ tinh), concrete (bê tông), ivory (ngà)...

1. Mục đích (Purpose): sitting, sleeping, wedding, waiting... Ví dụ:

A beautiful old Indian lamp. (Một chiếc đèn Ấn Độ cổ tuyệt đẹp.)

A luxurious big new red Japanese car. (Một chiếc ô tô Nhật Bản to mới màu đỏ sang trọng.)

1. Bài tập áp dụng

Exercise 1: sắp xếp theo đúng trật tự tính từ

1. My sister lives in a (new/ nice/wooden/ black) house.
2. We are happy today because today is a (memorable/ training/ long) day.
3. My collogue has a (white/ Korean/ small/ old) car.
4. My friend and I often go home on (shopping/ new/ narrow/ crowed) street.
5. Mrs. Navy likes wearing a (red/ long/ lovely/ cotton) dress on specialoccasions.
6. The flower girl wore a (silk pretty white) dress at the wedding ceremony last night
7. She has (blue/ big/ glassy) eyes, so she is really different from others.
8. The little boy is wearing a (nice/ old/ blue/ big) pullover.
9. My grandparents live in a (magnificent/ two-storey/ spacious/ old) house during their lifetime.
10.  My mother often wears a pair of (small/ comfortable/ black/ leather/ Chinese) gloves when she washes the dishes.

1. Mikes loves watching (old/ American/ successful) films in his free time.
2. She has a (pretty/ happy/ oval) face, so she is quite beautiful.
3. In the kitchen is a (round/ large/ wooden/ beautiful) table.
4. My friend bought a (brown/ nice/ leather/ Channel) belt from a shop on Tran Phu street.
5. Mrs. Annie looks so graceful because she has (black/ long/ beautiful) hair.
6. Her father spent money on (interesting/ Vietnamese/ oil/ old) paintings.
7. We bought some (German/ lovely/ old) glasses.
8. My teacher is a (Japanese/ tall/ kind/ middle-aged) man, so a lot of students love him.
9. We usually throw trash into (plastic/ black/ small/ convenient) bags.
10. My father wore a (cotton/ white/ new/ collarless) shirt to my cousin'swedding.

Exercise 2: Chọn phương án đúng

1. They take their                  children to the park every day.

A. lovely African small young                                B. African small young lovely

C. small young lovelyAfrican                                 D. young lovely African small

1. At first sight I met her. I was impressed with her                 .

A. big beautiful round black eyes                            B. beautiful black big round eyes

C. beautiful big round black eyes                            D. beautiful round big black eyes

1. This is a picture of a                  bus.

A. red bright London        B. bright red London

C. London bright red        D. London red bright

1. Lara goes to a                 temple every week.

A. great big ancientBuddhist                                  B. Buddhist great big ancient

C. ancient great big Buddhist                                   D. big great ancient Buddhist

1. There are some                  pictures in this newspaper.
   1. white interesting computer-generated new
   2. computer-generated white interesting new
   3. interesting new white computer-generated
   4. new interesting computer-generated white
2. She is doing extremely well in her                 graduate course.
   1. intensive one -year English
   2. one -year English intensive
   3. intensive English one-year
   4. English intensive one-year
3. During the winter I like havinga                  house.

A. pretty small red wooden                                     B. wooden pretty small red

C. small pretty red wooden                                      D. red wooden pretty small

1. I would like to have                 sports shoes to run in the park.

A. grey medium leathercomfortable                       B. comfortable medium grey leather

C. comfortable leather grey medium                       D. medium leather comfortable grey