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REVISION FOR 1st SEMESTER – GRADE 11
IF
- Don’t be impatient or you will make mistakes.
à If you are patient, you will not make mistakes.
à Unless you are patient, you will make mistakes.
- Keep silent or the teacher will be angry.
à If you don’t keep silent, the teacher will be angry.
à Unless you keep silent, the teacher will be angry.
- He isn’t a member in my class so he didn’t attend the party last night.
à If he were a member in my class, he could have attended the party last night.
à (đảo ngữ) Were he a member in my class, he could have attended the party last night.
- Rita is exhausted today because she didn’t get any sleep last night.
à If Rita had got some sleep last night, she wouldn’t be exhausted today.
à (đảo ngữ) Had Rita got some sleep last night, she wouldn’t be exhausted today.
- He smokes too much; that’s why he can’t get rid of his cough.
à If he didn't smoke too much, he could get rid of his cough.
à (đảo ngữ) Were he not to smoke too much, he could get rid of his cough.
- Martin failed his driving test last week because he was nervous.
à If Martin hadn’t been nervous, he would not have failed / would have passed his driving test last week.
- I didn’t realize that the traffic lights were red, so I didn’t stop.
à If I had realized that the traffic lights were red, I would have stopped.
SIMPLE PAST ó PRESENT PERFECT
- The last time I wrote to her was 2 years ago.
- I havenot written to her for 2 years.
- I last wrote to her 2 years ago.
- She began living in Đà Nẵng since she was a child.
- She has lived in DN since she was a child.
- I haven’t played badminton for 5 months.
- The last time I played badminton was 5 months ago.
- It’s 5 months since I (last) played badminton.
- They have worked as doctors since 2012.
- They started working as doctors in 2012.
- The last time I came here was in 2007.
- We haven’t come here since 2007.
- The last time I went on a plane was 1999.
- I have not been on a plane since 1999.
- When did you wash it?
- How long have you washed it?
REPORTED SPEECH WITH GERUND
- “I’m sorry I damaged your tape recorder, Jack,” said Lisa.
à Lisa apologized to Jack for damaging/having damaged his tap recorder.
- My sister said to me:”What about going to see Aunt Marry on Sunday?”
à My sister suggested going to see Aunt Marry on Sunday.
- “I’m sorry I can’t do it for you any more ”, said Peter.
à Peter apologised (to her) for not doing it for her any more.
- I wish I'd asked for his name and address.
à I regretted not asking / not having asked for his name and address.
- “You can’t run out of the garden” Ms. Kelly said to the children.
à Ms. Kelly prevented the children from running out of the garden.
- “Don’t go out alone at night,” I said to Linda.
à I warned Linda against going out alone at night.
à I warned Linda not to go out alone at night.
- “ He stole the money” shouted the old lady.
à The old lady accused him of stealing/ having stolen the money.
CONDITIONAL IN REPORTED SPEECH
- 'If I don't practise my English, I won't get any better,' she said.
à She said if she didn’t practise her English, she would not get any better.
- “ If you don’t pay the ransom, we will kill the boy”, said the kidnapper.
à The kidnapper threatened to kill the boy if they didn’t pay the ransom.
- He said “ If you were a milionare, what would you do, Ms. May ?”
à He asked Ms. May what she would do if she were a milionare.
- “If I catch the plane I'll be home by five”, he said.
à He said if he caught the plane he would be home by five.
- “If I had had my mobile yesterday, I could have contacted you.” Molly said.
à Molly said if he had had his mobile the day before, he could have contacted me.
- “If you don’t apologize, I’ll never speak to you again.” He said.
à He told me if I didn’t apologize, he would never speak to me again.
- “What would you do if you were a billionaire?” the man asked the woman.
à The man asked the woman what she would do if she were a billionaire.
TOO / ENOUGH
- He drove too quickly for us to keep pace with.
à He didn’t drive slowly enough for us to keep pace with. - He drove too quickly for us to keep pace with. (enough)
à He didn’t drive slowly enough for us to keep pace with.
- The test was very dificult. All the students couldn’t do it in a short time.
à (too) The test was too dificult for all the students to do in a short time.
à (enough) The test was not easy enough for all the students to do in a short time.
- He is too short to reach the top shelf. (enough)
à He isn’t tall enough to reach the top shelf.
- The car was very expensive. We couldn’t buy it. (Using “too”)
à The car was too expensive for us to buy.
- He was not young enough to run fast. (Using “too”)
à He was too old to run fast.
- The fire is very big. We can’t put it out. (Using “too”)
à The fire is too big for us to put out.