Dạng | SIMPLE PRESENT (Hiện tại đơn) | SIMPLE PAST (Quá khứ đơn) |
| Khẳng định | S + V[-s/es] | S + V-ed/V cột 2 |
| Phủ định | S + don’t / doesn’t + V1 | S + didn’t + V1 |
| Nghi vấn | Do / Does + S + V1 …? | Did + S + V1 …? |
| Dấu hiệu nhận biết | - always, usually, occasionally, often, … - every:every day, every year, every Sunday - once a day , twice…, 3 times… | - yesterday - last + time: last week, last Sunday… - time+ ago : two months ago, five years ago… - in the past, in + year (past): in 1990, … |
Dạng | PRESENT CONTINUOUS (Hiện tại tiếp diễn) | PAST CONTINUOUS (Quá khứ tiếp diễn) |
| Khẳng định | S + am / is / are + V-ing | S + was / were + V-ing |
| Phủ định | S + am not / isn’t / aren’t + V-ing | S + wasn’t / weren’t + V-ing |
| Nghi vấn | Am / Is / Are + S + V-ing …? | Was / Were + S + V-ing …? |
| Dấu hiệu nhận biết | - now, at present - at the moment - Sau câu mệnh lệnh : Vd: Keep silent! The baby is sleeping. Look! He is running. | - At that moment - When / As + S + (simple past), S + was/ were V-ing Vd: When I came, she was crying. - While : Vd: A dog crossed the road while I was driving. |
Dạng | PRESENT PERFECT (Hiện tại hoàn thành) | PAST PERFECT (Quá khứ hoàn thành) |
| Khẳng định | S + has / have + V-ed/V cột 3 | S + had + V-ed/V cột 3 |
| Phủ định | S + hasn’t / haven’t + V-ed/ V cột 3 | S + hadn’t + V-ed/ V cột 3 |
| Nghi vấn | Has / Have + S + V-ed/ V cột 3 …? | Had + S + V-ed/ V cột 3…? |
| Dấu hiệu nhận biết | - just, already, ever, yet, recently, lately,.. - since, for : since 1995, for 9 years - so far, up to now , It is the first time….. | - after + S + had V3/ED , (simple past) - before + (simple past), S + had V3/ED - By the time + S + V(simple past) , S + had V3/ED: cho đến lúc........ |
Dạng | SIMPLE FUTURE (Tương lai đơn) | FUTURE PERFECT (Tương lai hoàn thành) |
| Khẳng định | S + will + V 1 | S + will have+ V-ed/ V cột 3 |
| Phủ định | S + won’t + V 1 | S + won’t have + V-ed/ V cột 3 |
| Nghi vấn | Will + S + V 1? | Will + S + have + V-ed/ V cột 3…? |
| Dấu hiệu nhận biết | - tomorrow - next + time : next week, next Monday,…. - in the future - perhap, maybe, I think…… | - by the end of this month - by the time+S+ V (simple present), S + will have V3/ED |
Dạng | NEAR FUTURE (Tương lai gần) | FUTURE CONTINUOUS (Tương lai tiếp diễn) |
| Khẳng định | S + am/is/are going to + V 1 | S + will be + ving |
| Dấu hiệu nhận biết | - Diễn tả 1 kế hoạch, dự định. - Diễn tả 1 dự đoán có căn cứ | - Diển tả 1 sự việc đang xảy ra ở tương lai. Ex: At 3pm tomorrow. |
PRACTICE EXERCISES
VERB TENSE REVISION ❶
- When I last saw him, he _________ in London.
A. has lived B. is living C. was living D. has been living
- We __________ Dorothy since last Saturday.
A. don’t see B. haven’t seen C. didn’t see D. hadn’t seen
- The train __________ half an hour ago.
A. has been leaving B. left C. has left D. had left
- My sister ____________ for you since yesterday.
A. is looking B. was looking C. has been looking D. looked
- Christopher Columbus ____________ American more than 500 years ago.
A. discovered B. has discovered C. had discovered D. had been discovering
- He fell down when he __________ towards the church.
A. run B. runs C. was running D. had run
- I’ll come and see you before I __________ for the States.